Balloons and Vasco Rossi music for Sic's farewell. Nevertheless, the FIM (Fdration Internationale de Motocyclisme) will look at his helmet and leathers to see what can be learned. The animals come from various sources such as: their natural habitat, animal breeders and dealers, pounds, shelters, ranches, and slaughterhouses. Featured Brands . The accident left Simoncelli motionless in the track, with his helmet having been knocked off by the force of the impact. They tried to resuscitate him in. TAGS; 250cc world . He had been fourth at the end of the first lap. Joined: 2 Oct 2010 Messages: . 11 yr. ago. +91-7207507350 . I have no idea but the weight of the Ducati was nothing compared to the Landrover and the traumatic forces put on that helmet and body (apologies for the graphic details) I am only mentioning this to suggest the helmet of Simonchelli should not have come off. Why did Simoncelli helmet come off? KK Reddy and Associates is a professionally managed firm. if passingly interestingly, why has it taken 3 years to clarify to damage done to Marco Simoncelli. That initiated a low-side and, but for what happened next, he would have walked away from this crash. June 7, 2022 . The popular Italian lost his life in a tragic accident during last month's Malaysian . Accompanying the bearers was a cloud of red balloons with Simoncelli's race number, 58, as they moved through the crowd to cover the short distance . Simoncellis crash should have been a harmless front-end lose that sent him sliding to the outside of the track, out of harms way. Marco improved his performance considerably. Featured Brands . Incidents of the same kind also claimed the life of AmericanPeter Lenzin a support race during last years Indianapolis GP and BritonCraig Jonesin a World Supersport event at Brands Hatch in 2008. Is Pernats Enea Enea similar to Marco Simoncelli? The Shop / Deals; Vital Products; Inside Line Podcast; Accessibility Widget; Forum Main Moto-Related MotoGP - Marco Simoncelli (no spoiler) MotoGP - Marco Simoncelli (no spoiler) Related: Edit Tags Done. The FIM needs to work on this just like the FIA has done in car racing. Aspar would be the ideal team and that would get another second class/handicapped team off the grid because despite . The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". How did Simoncelli helmet come off? After four years in the intermediate class, he stepped up to the top MotoGP class in 2010, racing with the Honda Gresini Team. Kate was even photographed wearing matching racing gear with . Retirement is not a guarantee. Marco improved his performance considerably. The impact was such that the strap broke at its mounting point. The impact was such that the strap broke at its mounting point. Marco Simoncelli - The Tribute Book from the UK's leading online bike store. BBC MotoGP presenter Matt Roberts said: "Marco lost his helmet in the crash. 20 January 1987 - 23 October 2011 . I use to think that Collins rearset caught the helmet as he went by [SIGPIC]http://img.photobucket.com/albums/v347/Aron213/Image3-1_zpsab24bb95.jpg [/SIGPIC] Save Reply R r1dood Registered Joined Jul 9, 2016 You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. Even more so than car racing, motorcycle racing can never be entirely safe. Zahl 70 Zum Ausdrucken. Simoncelli died from multiple injuries sustained in a second lap incident during the race at Malaysia's Sepang circuit. The 24-year-old was flung from his bike . Submitted by David Emmett on Sun, 2011-10-23 09:16. Simoncelli's death during October's Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix left MotoGP dumbstruck. . Marco Simoncelli was born on 20 January, 1987 in Cattolica, Italy, is an Italian motorcycle racer. The 24-year-old Italian rider was involved in a collision with Valentino Rossi and Colin Edwards. Colin Edwards. That initiated a low-side and, but for what happened next, he would have walked away from this crash. I mean, come on, "dirty south" lettering on the helmet, and a pitbull. Why did Simoncelli helmet come off? Get Your Domain Names Here! On lap two, Simoncellis bike came to a halt when at turn 11, Simoncellis bike crossed the track into Colin Edwards and Valentino Rossis path. What is meant by the competitive environment? 11 yr. ago. His death therefore affected millions of people. Discussion in 'General Discussion' started by misterdubya, 23 Oct 2011. Simoncelli's death during October's Malaysian motorcycle Grand Prix left MotoGP dumbstruck. To help her get through this difficult period Valentino Rossi has offered her a job with his VR46 . When was the last death in MotoGP? However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent.
why did marco simoncelli helmet come off He started in the 125cc class before moving up to the 250cc class in 2006. In a career full of joyful moments and great successes, Rossi also harked back to one of MotoGP's most tragic moments, the death of Marco Simoncelli during the Malaysia Grand Prix 10 years ago. Marco Simoncelli died as a result of massive trauma to his head, neck and chest, MotoGP's medical director has confirmed. His AGV helmet was wrenched off in the accident, probably by the front end of Rossi's Ducati. In this case, this just wasn't the battle I am willing to complain about. costa coffee marketing mix 7ps. Former 250cc Word Champion and one of the most exciting riders in the 2011 MotoGP paddock, Marco Simoncelli has tragically passed away from injuries he sustained in a second lap crash at today's . October 27, 2011 15:20 BST. Jakim samochodem jedzi Valentino Rossi? 200 unique photographs of life on and off the track; Italy's Marco Simoncelli leads the field Sunday in Malaysia. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. He lowsided and instead of the bike skittering off like it usually does, Marco's knee gave the bike enough leverage to tip back onto the tires. 200 unique photographs of life on and off the track; The 24-year-old had his helmet knocked off and was hit by both other riders. why did marco simoncelli helmet come off The impact was such that the strap broke at its mounting point. in the gravel trap. The 24-year-old Italian rider was involved in a collision with Valentino Rossi and Colin Edwards. Kto odnosi najwiksze sukcesy w wycigach motocyklowych? All; News; Feature Stories . Ghanaian Rich Businessman AMG Danny Pounds Donates To Akuse Local Prison, Wee Smokers Association Of Ghana Plans To Demonstrate Over Increase In The Price Of One Roll, You Are An Audio Man, Say Something Sensible Efia Odo Slams A Whole Prez Nana Addo, Africa Tourism Leadership Forum and Awards 2022 kicks off today, Award-Winning DJ IamShakez Kick Starts A Massive UK Club Tour, Renowned Disc Jockey IamShakez Set To Embark On A UK Club Tour. . kaspisches meer binnenmeer; grafana elapsed time American rider Edwards also fell but escaped serious injury - while fellow Italian Rossi was able to return to the pits. No one talks about it much, but what caused Marco Simoncelli's death that day was the AGV helmet snapping off. He won the 2008 250cc World Championship with Gilera. The 24-year-old Simoncelli had his helmet knocked off in the accident, which occurred when the Italian lowsided from his bike at Turn 11. When was the last death in MotoGP? AGV proud themselves to bring to the market exactly the helmet used by the racers and race helmets come from the same molds and same manufacturing as the MotoGP riders. Super Sic was a personal favorite among the ZLA Army, maybe because his spirit as a rising racer trying to make his mark at the highest levels reflected some of the same feelings felt in what was then a much smaller TeamZilla. My thoughts and prayers are with you, your team and your . Simoncelli's helmet came off in the ensuing collision. He was a never-say-die racer, but sadly it didn't turn out quite like that. , Come on Petrucci! In a competitive sport like Motorsport, a crash in the race means you loose points, a 4th place in the race and also misses out on the experience you gain in the 20+ laps competing with other riders. I wonder whether investigations are going on (perhaps behind the scenes) as to why the crash helmet came off. No one talks about it much, but what caused Marco Simoncelli's death that day was the AGV helmet snapping off. But the general consensus within the paddock seems to be that it was one of those accidents from which there can be little chance of survival. The fatal crash occurred when Edwards' bike ran cleanly into Simoncelli hitting the back of his head taking his helmet off with Rossi catching the edge of the accident. Marco Simoncelli. The impact was such that the strap broke at its mounting point.Click to see full answer. Those Bridgestones are virtually adhesive at temp, and they gripped and sent the bike into the path of Rossi and Edwards. . Marco was reported to be conscious in the medical centre in the early stages but,. Following his own fall on track, Simoncelli died in an accident during the 2011 Malaysian Grand Prix in Sepang on October 23, 2011, after being run over. The chief executive officer of the Sepang circuit where Simoncelli died in October 2011, Ahmad Razlan, said the report had been sent but he did not know what it said. I'm sure many of you will be aware of the absolutely horrific crash that has just occurred at the Sepang track, Malaysia. Nikt nie dorwna jego sukcesowi w MotoGP.
Why did Marco Simoncelli helmet come off? - Celebrities Buzz Joined: 3 Dec 2007 Messages: 15,701 Thanks Received: 1,260 Location: Essex Country: Sad . .
Remembering Marco Simoncelli: Would he have become Moto - Visordown According to Rossi, before they trained together, he was very reluctant to share his secrets and training methods. This is lame - the sport already has a bad enough rep - now were going super ghetto on our gear too a t-shirt that reads "i am a lane splitting piece of trash, please run me over and feel no regret" would be great addition. Simoncelli lay motionless on the track after the impact, while the race was immediately red-flagged. 11 yr. ago. Click to see full answer. His AGV helmet was wrenched off in the accident, probably by the front end of Rossi's Ducati. Simoncelli died of injuries sustained in a crash at Sepang, Malaysia 2010. Italian rider Marco Simoncelli has died after a horrific crash at the Malaysian MotoGP in Sepang. Free UK delivery over 25 and easy returns on our range of over 100,000 products. U is more that welcome to head over straight to the gallery should you feel like skipping my usual annoying preface. Welcome to . Simoncelli lay stricken on the track after the crash, his helmet having come off during the incident. Simoncelli's helmet came off in the ensuing collision. Marco Simoncelli and Valentino Rossi. Simoncelli lay stricken on the track after the crash, his helmet having come off during the incident. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data.
Simoncelli autopsy report completed - IOL not eliminate, these injuries.
Did Marco Simoncelli die? - Sage-Answers Was Marco Simoncellis death unpreventable? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. . All; News; Feature Stories . 'R.I.P Marco Simoncelli, 20 . Inicio; Nota Biografica; Obra; Blogs. Content was already .
why did marco simoncelli helmet come off ; erteilungsdatum fhrerschein herausfinden. The previous weekend he had finished a best-ever second at Phillip Island, a position he won with a typically robust move on Andrea Dovizioso during .
Marco Simoncelli - Wikipedia Marco Simoncelli, an Italian rider, died in a tragic crash at the Sepang Malaysian MotoGP. The 24-year-old died of cardiac arrest and extensive head, neck, and chest trauma right away. nexomon: extinction monster list wie viele schlge hat eine achtel note Dorna has announced that Marco Simoncelli died as a result of injuries received in a crash during the MotoGP race at Sepang. . Kto odnosi najwiksze sukcesy w wycigach motocyklowych? In fourth position during lap two Simoncelli's bike veered across the track and straight into the path of Edwards and Rossi. boxwood hedge wall backdrop back to homepage. Content was already . He started in the 125cc class before moving up to the 250cc class in 2006. The 24-year-old died instantly from cardiac arrest and massive head, neck and chest trauma. Come on Ducati! The race was stopped on lap two when Simoncelli's bike veered across the track at turn 11 into the path of Colin Edwards and Valentino Rossi. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The race was stopped on lap two when Simoncelli's bike veered across the track at turn 11 into the . Uncategorized The 24-year-old died of cardiac arrest and extensive head, neck, and chest trauma right away. Simoncelli was involved in a crash with two other bikes. Luca Colaiacovo, president of the circuit's board of directors, said: "We owe it to Sic's memory. .
Marco Simoncelli Biography, Age, Height, Wife, Net Worth, Family He lowsided and instead of the bike skittering off like it usually does, Marco's knee gave the bike enough leverage to tip back onto the tires. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. The strap broke at its mounting point due to the impact. One of the reasons why Marco was so in love with Kate is that she truely understood and supported his passion for motorcycle racing. His AGV helmet was wrenched off in the accident, probably by the front end of Rossi's Ducati. Another speculation is that Vale's front tire ran . AGV motorcycle helmet, Valentino Rossi replica version, used for the shooting of the film "SIC". MILAN - Marco Simoncelli's coffin was carried into church by friends at Coriano, in the province of Rimini. What happened to Simoncelli on October 23, 2011? The small Italian town of Coriano has filled with mourners for the funeral of MotoGP rider Marco Simoncelli, killed on Sunday at the Malaysian Grand Prix . Simoncelli got off to a slow start to the 2010 season, having suffered two preseason testing crashes at Sepang; the second of which cracked his helmet. mike matarazzo last photo. Gymnast: Thanks for the references. He was 24. if passingly interestingly, why has it taken 3 years to clarify to damage done to Marco Simoncelli. Mirco Lazzari/Getty Images. Najwikszym kierowc wycigowym wszech czasw jest Woch Giacomo Agostini. He was 24. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". In the worlds deadliest motorcycle race, the death toll has risen to 146 | Sporting News. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. His AGV helmet was wrenched off in the accident, probably by the front end of Rossi's Ducati. The small east Italian town of Coriano swells with mourners for the funeral of MotoGP rider Marco Simoncelli, killed at the Malaysian Grand Prix. I am sure my opinion is flawed in someway and pisses some people off. I too am very passive, I tend to take what i am dealt and make the most of it. It has been noted that Marco wears a size bigger helmet to accomondate is bushy hair and this could be the reason why the helmet ripped off. The impact was such that the strap broke at its mounting point. When Simoncelli came to MotoGP, he asked Rossi to train alongside him. Restrict purines. . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Simoncelli's helmet came off in the ensuing collision. Helmets; Boots; Pants; All Brands; Latest Reviews; Top Reviewers; The Shop; Pit Row; News. At least 25,000 attend service. I . Like you AM.., I thought Simoncelli was brilliant. I wonder whether investigations are going on (perhaps behind the scenes) as to why the crash helmet came off.
why did marco simoncelli helmet come off - mcurious.in Kto jest kozem MotoGP? Helmets. Kto odnosi najwiksze sukcesy w wycigach motocyklowych? Super Sic was a personal favorite among the ZLA Army, maybe because his spirit as a rising racer trying to make his mark at the highest levels reflected some of the same feelings felt in what was then a much smaller TeamZilla. Picture the scene, it's 12/02/2008, we don't have stay at home - and I didn't. The chief executive officer of the Sepang circuit where Simoncelli died in October 2011, Ahmad Razlan, said the report had been sent but he did not know what it said. I . One of the reasons why Marco was so in love with Kate is that she truely understood and supported his passion for motorcycle racing. Italian motorcyclist Marco Simoncelli died in a horrific crash at yesterday's MotoGP race in Malaysia, in full view of his devastated family and girlfriend. October 29, 2021. by kankakee daily journal obituaries july 2020. with no comment. There was nothing that Edwards and Rossi could have done to avoid him. Hayden began racing motorcycles at a young age. He was taken by ambulance to the circuit's medical centre, but at 4.56pm local time it was . Valentino Rossi takes charge of Honda number 58. category General Last Updated 31st March, 2020 Does corn have high uric acid Include foods rich magnesium and low calcium, such barley, bran, corn, rye, oats, soy, brown rice, avocado, banana, and potato. It is very rare for a riders helmet to come clean off, the impact would have been huge. Despite disappointing results last term, Rossis desire for racing appears to have subsided. He was probably dead before he stopped sliding. Why did Marco Simoncelli's helmet come off? When asked about Simoncelli's helmet coming off, race director Paul Butler said at the press conference: 'I think if I may reply, that will be for another occasion. Canton, Mississippi USA. The impact was such that the strap broke at its mounting point. Likewise, what caused Marco Simoncelli death? SEPANG, Malaysia -- Italian rider Marco Simoncelli died of chest, head and neck injuries Sunday after crashing and being hit by two other riders at the Malaysian MotoGP motorcycle race. why did marco simoncelli helmet come off. He was probably dead before he stopped sliding. In this case, this just wasn't the battle I am willing to complain about. On that day, there wasn . Marco Simoncellis death was unpreventable, says MotoGPs safety officer This article is more than 10 years old MotoGP riders safety representative says track was safe Tributes pour in for Italian rider who died on Sunday As tributes poured in for Marco Simoncellis, MotoGP riders have been warned that his on-track death was unpreventable. It was then quite clear that the front wheel of Edward . The 24-year-old died instantly from cardiac arrest and massive head, neck and chest trauma. The 24-year-old later died after a crash involving two other riders. Also, why did Marco Simoncelli helmet come off? His AGV helmet was wrenched off in the accident, probably by the front end of Rossi's Ducati. When Simoncelli came to MotoGP, he asked Rossi to train alongside him. SEPANG, Malaysia - The post-mortem examination report on Italian rider Marco Simoncelli, killed in a crash during the 2011 Malaysian MotoGP, is complete and with his family. Agreed.Marco Simoncelli's helmet came off when the strap snapped, but it took an extreme impact at the "right" spot to make that happen. The small east Italian town of Coriano swells with mourners for the funeral of MotoGP rider Marco Simoncelli, killed at the Malaysian Grand Prix. Edwards hitting in the chest might have been fatal by itself, but Rossi's definitely would result in serious injury most of the time. Rossi's helmet did what it was designed to do - minimize the damage. The 24-year-old had his helmet knocked off and was hit by both other riders.Who hit Simoncelli? misterdubya, 23 Oct 2011 #1. The 24-year-old died instantly from cardiac arrest and massive head, neck and chest trauma. The team consists of distinguished Corporate Financial Advisors and Tax Consultants. The 24-year-old's helmet was knocked off when he fell and was hit by the bikes of Colin Edwards and Valentino Rossi as he slid across the track on his Honda. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Why did Marco Simoncellis helmet come off? Then, which track did Marco Simoncelli die? CNN Italy's MotoGP star Marco Simoncelli was killed in a crash on the second lap of the Malaysian MotoGP Sunday. Why Marco Simoncelli's helmet came off [ad] The tragic fatal crash of Marco Simoncelli in Sepang left one question open. in the gravel trap.
why did marco simoncelli helmet come off Why did Marco Simoncelli crash? Agreed.Marco Simoncelli's helmet came off when the strap snapped, but it took an extreme impact at the "right" spot to make that happen. HELMET KNOCKED OFF. Seriously what . Press conference, Doctor answers questions and details of the event. rockwell commander 112 interior. Did Marco Simoncelli die on impact? Come on Rossi! Simoncelli stood no chance. Why did Marco Simoncelli helmet come off? 0. why did marco simoncelli helmet come off. The former 250 World Champion was on the verge of winning his first race in the class of the kings.
Marco Simoncelli: Crowds at MotoGP rider's funeral - BBC News The team consists of distinguished Corporate Financial Advisors and Tax Consultants. With the upcoming event on June 27-28 I thought it would be fun to interview a few people who are special guests so you could get to know them more personally. The crash that claimedMarco Simoncellislife at Octobers Malaysian motorcycle GP was very similar to the accident that killedShoya Tomizawaduring last years San Marino Moto2 race: the rider loses control, falls down and is struck by following riders. The conflict of intermingling riding groups came to its zenith on the third day when Marco Simoncelli joined us with his girlfriend, Kate Fretti, in matching Marco helmets.
marco simoncelli helmet for sale | eBay Kate was even photographed wearing matching racing gear with . why did marco simoncelli helmet come off 3- Classes pack for $45 why did marco simoncelli helmet come off for new clients only. The first word after Marco's accident was that the helmet strap was designed to break and come off to prevent decapatation. Simoncelli lay motionless on the track after the impact, while the race was immediately red-flagged. Why did Simoncelli helmet come off? It would be like the snap of a hangman's noose.
Valentino Rossi Motocross Replica Helmet - SIC the Film The officials said that, when the track medics got to him, he was in cardiac arrest. The 24-year-old died instantly from cardiac arrest and massive head, neck and chest trauma. The AGV GP Tech Marco Simoncelli Replica Helmet has become an iconic tribute to a racer whose larger than life personality has become immortalized. The 24-year-old died instantly from cardiac arrest and massive head, neck and chest trauma. . Italy's Marco Simoncelli leads the field Sunday in Malaysia. . The 24-year-old died instantly from cardiac arrest and massive head, neck and chest trauma. 104 riders RIP Marco Simoncelli. His AGV helmet was wrenched off in the accident, probably by the front end of Rossi's Ducati. Did Marco Simoncelli die on impact? Magio Go Zabudnute Prihlasovacie Udaje, Ladies Jackets. . Place [sic] right after the error. Former 250cc Word Champion and one of the most exciting riders in the 2011 MotoGP paddock, Marco Simoncelli has tragically passed away from injuries he sustained in a second lap crash at today's . The 24-year-old died instantly from cardiac arrest and massive head, neck and chest trauma. why did marco simoncelli helmet come off. The impact was such that the strap broke at its mounting point. It was an everyday accident with a freak outcome. He died in an accident at the 2011 Malaysian Grand Prix at Sepang. He was taken by ambulance to the circuit's medical centre, but at 4.56pm local time it was . Helping commemorate Marco's spirit, AGV Helmets is releasing more accurate re-styled Marco Simoncelli replica helmets that have been authorized by the Simoncelli family. Helmets. . Effectively Simoncelli was trapped and couldnt push the machine away, so he was an unwilling passenger as it arced across the track. Super Sic was a personal favorite among the ZLA Army, maybe because his spirit as a rising racer trying to make his mark at the highest levels reflected some of the same feelings felt in what was then a much smaller TeamZilla. Simoncelli lay stricken on the track after the crash, his helmet having come off during the incident. Today in Italy, the late Marco Simoncelli became the 21st rider inducted into the Hall of Fame as a MotoGP Legend.
Simoncelli lay stricken on the track after the crash, his helmet having come off during the incident. Home / Marco Simoncelli. Marco Simoncelli (Italian pronunciation: [marko simontlli]; 20 January 1987 - 23 October 2011), nicknamed Sic (Italian: ), was an Italian professional motorcycle racer.He competed in the MotoGP World Championship for 10 years from 2002 to 2011. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. Before you ask Joe.. Marco . After a tragic accident in September 2016, Craigs oldest son, On the MP3 player, press Reset. The button may be difficult to locate or extremely small depending on the MP3 player you own.
Valentino Rossi explains Marco Simoncelli tribute helmet . Simoncelli, who ironically enjoyed his finest hour at Sepang when he finished third to clinch the 2008 season's 250cc title, had his helmet knocked off in the sickening collision, which happened . . The previous weekend he had finished a best-ever second at Phillip Island, a position he won with a typically robust move on Andrea Dovizioso during . Before you ask Joe.. Marco . Imagine having an impact so strong the helmet strap was ripped out of the helmet. "Quite clearly the consequences and . MILAN - Marco Simoncelli's coffin was carried into church by friends at Coriano, in the province of Rimini. Simoncelli's helmet came off in the accident, and the Gresini Honda rider was taken to the medical centre for treatment, but was declared dead 45 minutes later. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.
Marco Simoncelli: Unavoidable tragedy? - Motor Sport Magazine Valentino Rossi pays tribute to Marco Simoncelli - BBC Sport Luca Colaiacovo, president of the circuit's board of directors, said: "We owe it to Sic's memory. Mario And Luigi: Superstar Saga 3ds Rom Citra, timedatectl system clock synchronized: no, colorado vacation rentals for large groups. HELMET KNOCKED OFF The crash occurred soon after the race began when the 24-year-old Honda rider's bike veered across the track in Turn 11 and into the path of riders Colin Edwards and Valentino Rossi, who appeared to have hit him. For our first installment, RedSpade, aka Anna Rigby, will be our subject. Bought new helmet - I can pull it off however tight strap is: Bike Chat Forums Index-> New Bikers-> New Bikers Officials were keen to . Simoncelli was motionless on the track following the collision, and his helmet had come off. I'm still in something of a state of shock at the news that Marco Simoncelli, at the age of 24, died after an horrific accident at the MotoGP race at Malaysia's Sepang circuit in the early hours of this morning. Kate Fretti was the late Marco Simoncelli's girlfriend (Sic in his autobiography wrote that she kept him calm and 'never busted his balls') and they were inseparable, although they were both young they had been together for over five years. Edwards sustained a dislocated left shoulder when he crashed as a result of the impact, Rossi somehow stayed on board. Marco Simoncelli has had the most terrifying crash I've witnessed.